Managing Organisational Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Overseeing Organizational Behavior - Essay Example For instance, extended periods of time of standing apparently caused deformations in kids (Spartacus Education, n.d.). Against this scenery, numerous production lines started to thrive and Ransome’s Orwell Works was one of them. This was a farming apparatus processing plant that created items from 1841 to 1966 which gave them a rich history of assembling and development. In the start of Ransome Orwell, a few relatives met up to work and fund the foundry and huge numbers of their laborers were family companions or originated from the close by network. They generally depended on individuals they knew to help them in their business instead of looking to aliens to support them. One thing to note is that the Ransomes were Quakers and had an enormous network to look over. Since they were Quakers, they followed along these lines of life. This made a constructive capacity to enlist and select others who were companions. A considerable lot of the individuals who worked for them remaine d their whole lives. It could be expected that Ransomes had a superior open door for enlistment since they knew and comprehended the individuals they were working near. One explanation this could be derived is that the Ipswich Transportation Museum expresses that a considerable lot of their laborers remained with them from the time they entered the business to the time the individual passed on. The administration style at Ransome Orwell would be near what the Quakers experience today. They would have an extremely strict thought of the board and would counsel each other before deciding. Everything that is finished during a conference starts with love and proceeds as love. Individuals are deliberate and remain before they speak (Latham). Along these lines, Ransome Orwell would have utilized petition and love as their method of settling on choices in business and their administration style would have mirrored this disposition.

Transition to Professional Practice Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Transition to Professional Practice. Answer: Progress to Professional Practice The position explanation is plainly expressed toward the start, which makes it simple for the peruser to comprehend what issue the article settles. This legitimizes why the article was composed just as clarifying what esteem it adds to the clinical field. The presentation and end part empowers one comprehends the issues being talked about which are the enlisted attendants and the job they play in the medicinal services offices. At the presentation, there is a portrayal of who a Registered Nurse (RN) and why they exist in the clinics. There is additionally a portrayal of what they do as such as they add to the development and prosperity of the individuals in the general public. Further, the presentation demystifies the expected set of responsibilities of the RNs as they work for an individual, family, or a group(Gardner et al., 2008). At the end section, an assessment result gives nitty gritty data about the nursing practice as a profession. It is an outline of the fundamental thought s introduced in the paper making it simple to catch the primary thoughts. The position articulation identify with the theme as it shows the association and stream of the whole article. This gives it a free and open stream that empowers a peruser to follow from the earliest starting point as far as possible effortlessly. It is likewise straightforward and expect in the whole paper from the introduction of the position proclamation at the presentation part of the article(American Nurses Association, 2010). Furthermore, the position proclamation prevails at exhibiting the connection to the NMBA Registered Nurse Standards for Practice. This implies the peruser knows about what an intrigued person that needs to prepare as a medical attendant must satisfy and follow with the goal that they can get acknowledgment in Australia. The practices are introduced such that makes it straightforward and follow(Funnell et al., 2009). The article utilizes various hues to exhibit the significant focuses and lay accentuation on the most significant regions that an enrolled med ical attendant ought to have as they join the training. The references used to help the position articulation are present from 2015, which implies that it has the most solid and dependable data identified with the enrolled medical caretakers. A refreshed variant of rules that administer medical attendants is discharged after a predefined time that empowers the attendants improve the administrations they stretch out to the patients who are under their consideration. One of the sources which was written in 2007 is from the Board of Midwives and Nurses in Australia. It has the present dynamic apparatuses utilized by the clinical experts as they stretch out their consideration to patients. The structure changes after a survey by the board contingent upon the requirements presented in the clinical practice(Chiarella et al., 2008). The creator may have missed some significant data as they expressed their situation in the nursing field. They have not expressed the suspicions they made when chipping away at the article, which implies they may hav e picked what to compose on the paper and excluded some critical data that may be of help to the enlisted attendants. References American Nurses Association. (2010). Nursing: Scope and gauges of training. Nursesbooks.org. Chiarella, M., Thoms, D., Lau, C., McInnes, E. (2008).An review of the competency development in nursing and midwifery.Collegian, 15(2), 45-53. Funnell, M. M., Brown, T. L., Childs, B. P., Haas, L. B., Hosey, G. M., Jensen, B., ... Siminerio, L. M. (2009). National measures for diabetes self-administration education.Diabetes care, 32(Supplement 1), S87-S94. Gardner, A., Hase, S., Gardner, G., Dunn, S. V., Carryer, J. (2008). From fitness to capacity: an investigation of attendant professionals in clinical practice. Diary of Clinical Nursing, 17(2), 250-258.

Basketball Coaching Free Essays

Have you at any point envisioned not having a mentor for your games group? Or then again why your mentor is so fruitful? Despite the fact that they are requesting, they’re basic for any team’s achievement. â€Å"I request a great deal out of my players, however we have a ton of fun and I give them space to learn and make mistakes,† said Coach Mike Bates. They give structure and are the heart and spirits of each group. We will compose a custom article test on Ball Coaching or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Mentors need to adore the game. The group mirrors the mentor, if he’s effective so will you be. The mentor should be taught and show the basics of the game. They ought to ingrain virtues into the group. Essential ball will improve the group. Essential b-ball incorporates ball taking care of, appropriate structure, offense, and so forth. It might appear to be exhausting and moronic however it truly makes you a superior group and player. Players need a mentor who will show them the game. On the off chance that the mentor is a fanatic for guard, your group can beat anybody. The essentials of guard can make a decent group incredible and lower level groups serious. The safeguard will prompt offense and things will come simpler for your group. Once you’ve aced the nuts and bolts the objectives that have been set for the group will appear to be reachable and simpler. The certainty of the group will skyrocket and results will follow. â€Å"I show the children each part of the game and the nuts and bolts that will make them successful,† said Coach Mike. Your mentor should be committed and love the game. â€Å"I’m a rec center rodent, I’ll successfully get into the exercise center and help the girls,† proceeded with Coach Mike. You have to settle on contact choices and penances to be fruitful. Nothing comes effectively particularly in this calling. You need to outwork your resistance and be readied. Being in the rec center and adoring the game gives you numerous favorable circumstances over different mentors. Being around the game shows you more and makes you mindful of each circumstance. Hollering isn’t the best way to inspire players. There are numerous different approaches to do as such. At times shouting may accomplish more damage than anything else and hurt the groups mind. Players will begin to detest the mentor and begin to remove themselves. When the spirit and certainty is separated the group will begin to endure the outcomes. There are sure occasions when hollering is fitting however it shouldn’t be utilized constantly and mentors should never single players out before the whole group. The mentor should holler for a reason, yet additionally bring your certainty up simultaneously and urge you to improve. There shouldn’t be bogus expectation placed into player’s heads as a result of the coach’s inner self. Players would begin to lose regard for him. They truly tune in to what the mentors need to let them know and acknowledge it. It truly implies a great deal to them what you let them know. One reason John Wooden was fruitful as a ball mentor was on the grounds that he was the best instructor at the game and showed his players fundamental abilities. He didn’t win ten national titles since he had ability. He won since he showed essentials and fundamental ball. He imparted in his players that essentials is the way to progress. Right up 'til the present time his players despite everything use what he showed them and accept that with them as they proceed onward with their lives. He was a mentor and a dad to the players. He generally analyzed how life resembled b-ball and the players comprehended what he implied. John Wooden made the Pyramid of Success. The Pyramid of Success comprises of twenty-five practices that Wooden felt you should have been effective in b-ball, yet additionally throughout everyday life. The best two practices are confidence and persistence. He followed those practices and showed his players those practices until his withering days. Phil Jackson is likewise another extraordinary mentor. He is special simply like John Wooden. They never wanted to holler. Jackson is the Zen Master and isn’t a yeller. He’s special in light of the fact that not at all like most mentors he confides in his group and lets them play as opposed to calling breaks when his group gets into grooves. Most mentors would be incensed and rapidly call a break however not him. He kicks back and lets them play through troublesome periods. He doesn’t mentor each player the equivalent and comprehends the requirements of what every player needs to succeed. Jackson knows his players and every one of their qualities and shortcomings. Another great thing is he shown the two best players the game has ever brought to the table: Michael Jordan and Kobe Bryant, that playing inside the idea of the group is the best way to win. An amazing pioneer prompts a great mentor. With the certainty and strut that they bring to the table it comes off in the group. The group needs somebody to follow and gaze upward to. Players need to regard the mentor. Regard is a significant part of the game. The group should need to live incredible the mentor. Directing an extraordinary practice is an incredible part of any mentor. Practice ought to be led with the necessities of the group and show progress consistently. It is a route for mentors to perceive what you can bring to the group. Careful discipline brings about promising results and for each mentor they live incredible that adage. With everything taken into account the mentor is the impetus to the group. They are everything to the group and the group flourishes off their vitality. The character of the group mirrors the mentor. Mentors that drill the rudiments and essentials into the group are effective. The group will prevail all in all and improve as the season moves along. The most effective method to refer to Basketball Coaching, Essay models

Tips For Writing An Essay on Diabetes Topics

Tips For Writing An Essay on Diabetes TopicsWriting an essay on Diabetes topics would most definitely be a helpful move to start a discussion. People with diabetes tend to be more conversational when having problems with the body like this and the more conversational you make the less likely you are to seek out help. Before you begin on a subject like this, try and do some research about diabetes topics to see what others have to say about this subject matter.This research can help you pick out the best idea for your essay. For example, if you think that those with diabetes should be the only ones speaking on this topic then you should research the discussion of those without diabetes as well. In addition, you can see what other people have to say on this topic or other topics. When you know this information then you should be ready to start writing an essay on the topic.There are certain points that you need to start on if you are going to be writing a good essay on this topic. You should start out with the most basic idea or the most interesting point of the topic. You should start the idea or point of the essay in a way that would sound as though you have a substantial knowledge of this topic. For example, if you are writing an essay on the topics of dieting and exercise, you should do this by first mentioning diabetes and then explaining how dieting and exercise could be beneficial to those with diabetes.In addition, if you are going to talk about diabetes in an entertaining manner then you should mention diabetes on a humorous note. For example, instead of stating how dieting and exercise are useless for people with diabetes you could state that diabetes sufferers have to watch out for their diet and exercise to avoid the diabetic condition. This will make the topic sound like fun. In addition, if you are writing an essay on how dieting and exercise are useless to those with diabetes, you should talk about a dieting and exercise that have benefits for thos e with diabetes.Another tip for writing an essay on diabetes topics is to make sure that you include a link. If you write a blog, a blog on the topic you could put a link to your blog so that your readers could go there to learn more about diabetes. If you write a blog, an article on the topic you could include a link to your blog so that readers can learn more about diabetes. It is important that you consider whether or not this is something that would be of value to your readers and also want to include in your essay.The type of blogging you use can be important in how you mention diabetes. If you write a blog that is more for enjoyment, you may not be as specific in your posting on topics that are going to be of interest to readers. If you write a blog for readers to learn more about diabetes, however, you should be specific. This means that you should be writing on topics that are of actual importance.The more you write the more you learn. Once you have mastered the skill of wri ting on topics such as diabetes, you can then move on to write an essay on topics such as surgery. Learning how to write good essays on diabetes can be a great advantage to anyone's online presence.

Civil Commitment and the Mentally Ill Free Essay Example, 1250 words

There are, of course, inborn diseases, the treatment of which can last during the whole life of the individual. Medical team announces that, the earlier the patient will be educed and examined, the faster will be his recovery period. Patients with mental disorders may experience different physical, emotional, cognitive, behavioral and perceptual symptoms. For example: In terms of human emotions, a person with mental disorders can feel only sadness during the long period of time or be extremely happy with no reason. It can be also revealed through the absence of the emotions. In terms of thinking, such people can face the confused dreams and violation of the logical chains, as well as the appearance of different extremely positive or negative judgments about others and about himself. In terms of behavior, the symptoms are expressed by the deviations from the socially accepted norms (sexual perversion, useless movements, compulsive actions and so forth) The insanity defense plays a great role in the system of legal accusations. The fact, that at the moment of crime, the person was not responsible for his actions, due to his psychological state, does not make the person free from the responsibility for the crime, but the methods of punishment are changed. We will write a custom essay sample on Civil Commitment and the Mentally Ill or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The idea of insanity defense appeared in the times of ancient Greece and Rome. Since that time, it has been developed constantly. In 1724 appeared the first copy of the insanity trial. On June, 30, 1983, in state Kentucky appeared the completely new verdict in the criminal case: â€Å"guilty-but-mentally-ill†. It is considered to be the date of approval of the insanity status by the legislative system of Kentucky. The previous verdicts existed only in the status as â€Å"guilty† or â€Å"not guilty†. Nowadays the state deals with the rule of Model Penal Code. It means that the accused person should proof his insanity. This can be achieved with the help of modal penal code tests, obligatory for the proof of innocence. The success of this event was only noticed in the process of working with the specialists. The development of the psychiatry predetermined the improvement of the state of the incarcerated people. Anyway, the proces s of insanity defense was greatly criticized by many scientists. The approach of justification of the people with abnormal behavior was broke the rules of social morality. A lot of psychologists stated that the incorrect actions and mental illness were the results of the events surrounded the accused person in the past and the origin of them were predetermined by the difficult childhood.

Racism And Racism In Society - 1702 Words

I am not a racist person, but it does exist. It is all over our country. Racism is left in the open anymore, but people still have racist thoughts against people that live in America. Racism was not a big problem during the 1940s, when people were racist against the people around them. But now, things have gotten much better. The community, town government is trying to stop such racial problems. Racial problems and judgements not really exist in our community openly, but some remains of racial problems still remain in communities. The important thing to know about racism is that even though it is a very negative thing, a vital thing within our society because it allows us to view the various ideals between the people within our social†¦show more content†¦While the last social class is about being poor people are lazy, uncaring, will do anything to buy drugs. All of these stereotypes are true if you believe them and tell your friends about them, but there are people in this world that want to change for the better. There are many rich people that grew up from being in middle or poor class because they strive for success. While sometimes it is the opposite and people that fail lose it all and they become poor. That is the truth about social class. It does not matter if you identify yourself. It only matter the people around you that will tell you yeah you are just like the rest of us being either poor or rich. The previous generation said that it was important to have differentiation among the people in a society coming from all races. They told people that that the representation in the world according to their respective race classification is commendable. They also said that it helps the world because it clarifies the human beings existing in the world compared to other people in a race or social class. Also, their are certain biases that tend to follow into a view of one group of people when they view the other group as being their rivals. The groups who have power have no concern for those who without and do not have any power. It is very important to understand the the viewpoints of other people by which they attempt to explain, comprehend, andShow MoreRelatedRacism And Its Impact On Society779 Words   |  4 Pages Racism is a concept that has been around for years. It is something that has left its mark, and even scars on our society. It has lefts mark and scars on our business es, schools, churches, communities, and even on relationships. Racism has cost both those of color and Whites their health, families, friends, livelihoods, and even their lives. Racism has many people greatly. People of color and people who are White experience the costs of racism each and every day. Racism is felt and experiencedRead MoreRacism And Its Impact On Society848 Words   |  4 PagesRacism is simply any form of discrimination towards skin color and a different race than your own. It can involve categorizing, insulting, abusing, and isolation. It is differing treatment of another human, but sadly it almost seems like it’s apart of human nature now. Racism can also be considered nature of competitiveness. We battle against each other because we simply want to outshine, and to group between ourselves to generate secure and solid support. Society classifies, not only with race,Read MoreRacism : A Racist Society1762 Words   |  8 PagesFifty years ago America was a racist society that implemented segregation among people of color. Webster defines racism as, â€Å"a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race.† Though it is seemingly clear that w e live in a post-racist society, racism has evolved with modern America. Today, relationships between African Americans and Caucasians has improved since the forties and fifties, itRead MoreRacism And Its Effects On Society2540 Words   |  11 Pagesslavery is illegal, but that does not mean that people are not entitled to their own thinking. Racism is considered to be a belief that a certain race interior. This country was built on that mentality, so in order to put an end to racism there needs to be a way to change people’s mind. Until then there will be people that believe that although blacks are free and have rights they are still inferior. Racism exist to this day because people who are racist raised their children to think the same way andRead MoreRacism And Its Effects On Society1395 Words   |  6 Pages As humans have become more evolved within the years there has been different conflicts. Society still struggles with understanding and being able to resolve social issues like racism. Throughout history slavery has happened because of racism, and there are many people who have tried to bring it to an end, but that isn t the case. This has always played a major role in our society and the social classes that people are put into. The classes are based on skin color, language, customs, their cultureRead MoreRacism And The Black Society Essay1881 Words   |  8 PagesWhite society has been dictating how minorities have been being represented in the media for quite some time now. By having this control this has allowed stereotypes and assumptions about minorities to commonly be shown in mainstream media. The consequences of doing such has only furthered the idea of racism and the overall response to whiteness in White society. By seeing how minorities are represented this has allowed White Americans to continue viewing them as invisible, or not accepting racismRead MoreRacism : A Society Of Harmony1792 Words   |  8 PagesWhen imagining a per fect society, the first thought that comes to a person’s mind is world peace. It is only a human belief that the world would be a better place without war and without sickness; it should be a society of harmony. There is a natural hope that despite any differences, the world can come together and overcome all obstacles. Though this goal may seem unrealistic, there are certain actions that can be taken that will bring mankind one step closer to peace. One major step to take isRead MoreRacism And Its Impact On Society Essay1866 Words   |  8 PagesRacism in America Literature is a compilation of written works, or art used to express opinions and emotions, it is used to describe anything from creative writing to more technical or scientific works. The term is most commonly used to refer to works of the creative imagination, including works of poetry, drama, fiction, and nonfiction (â€Å"Literature†). Literature represents a language, people, culture and tradition, and it is more important than just a historical and cultural artifacts (â€Å"Literature†)Read MoreRacism And Its Effects On Society2136 Words   |  9 PagesRacism has been around for a very long time and can be found throughout history, but what is racism? Racism is described as the discrimination of different race/races and is the thought of one race or color of skin having more physical/mental abilities than another. It is based on the attitudes of one or more people based on the supposed superiority of one group to the supposed inferiority of another. Racism was mo st prevalent in the 1900s, however can still commonly be found today as seen throughRead MoreRacism And Its Effects On Society1905 Words   |  8 PagesRacism has been occurring in America for hundreds of years. People throughout history tend to be prejudice to people who do not act or look as they do. Although it may seem as if racism is not as big of an issue anymore it still occurs, however racism between the late 1950’s and early 1960’s was a completely different story. Racism affected people’s families and friends, endangered their lives and has helped teach humans lessons on how to treat people now. From 1955 to 1965 there were many different

Big Data Has Become A Valuable Asset Essay Example For Students

Big Data Has Become A Valuable Asset Essay Big Data is a concept that has existed for a while, but only gained proper attention a couple of years ago. It can be described as extremely large data sets that have grown so big that becomes almost impossible to manage and analyze them with traditional data processing tools. Big Data can be used by enterprises in by building new applications, improving the effectiveness, lowering the costs of their applications, helping with competitive advantage, and increasing customer loyalty. It can also be used in other industries to enable a better system and better decision-making. Big Data has become a valuable asset to everyone around the world and continues to impact society today. The ideology of Big Data first came up in the days before the age of computers, when unstructured data were the norm and analytics was in its infancy. The first Big Data challenge came in the form of the 1880 U.S. census, when the information concerning approximately 50 million people had to be gathered, classified, and reported. This census contained a lot of data to deal but there was limited technology in order to organize and manage it. It took over seven years to manually put the data into tables and report on the data. Thanks to Big Data, the 1890 census could be placed into punch cards that could hold about 80 variables. Instead of seven years, the analysis of the data only took six weeks. The innovation of Big Data allowed the government to be able to act on the information in a reasonable amount of time. In order to further understand the concept of Big Data, it must be broken down into the 7 V’s  ¬Ã¢â‚¬â€œ volume, velocity, variety, veracity, variability, visualization, and value. These terms explain the impact and implications of a well thought through. . ll have a gigantic impact on society, the way organizations are managed and operated, the way government is organized, and eventually, how the global economy functions. Big Data will bring many benefits to consumers, such as better and more personalized products, improved services, lower energy bills, and more transparency. Thanks to the quantified-self movement, consumers are able to track and monitor their every move and thus gain a better understanding of their own lives. Big Data, however, will also affect the privacy of consumers. Big Data involves having more data than you can handle with the computing power you already have, and you cannot easily scale your current computing environment to address the data. The definition of Big Data therefore continues to evolve with time and advances in technology. Big Data will always remain a paradigm shift in the making.

Pepe Jeans Brand Management Essay Example

Pepe Jeans Brand Management Paper This report aims to evaluate the brand image, positioning and brand value of a popular denim brand Pepe Jeans. Pepe is a renowned brand in the apparel industry and is amongst the top international jeans and casual wear brand. This report will also discuss the philosophy and essence of the brand, what it stands for the USP (Unique Selling Point) of the brand and how Pepe Jeans is perceived in the consumer mind. The purpose of researching the brand extensively is to help us understand the strengths and weaknesses of the brand from the point of view to verify its effectiveness. Pepe offers a wide range of products to its consumers and tries to cover the intended target market through its advertising and promotions. The brand is present across the globe in almost 100 countries with numerous loyal customers. A Brief History Headquartered in Madrid, Spain Pepe Jeans London, was started in a small market stall running only on weekends in West London by three brothers from Kenya Nitin, Arjun and Milan Shah in the year 1973. The brothers wanted to set up a British brand of jeans that would be known globally. The jeans that they sold were of good quality and fitting and within no time, the business started to boom. The brand was inspired by London street-wear style and was called Pepe because it was a short two syllable word that was really fast to remember. Pepe was the first brand which enforced that jeans should not be sold hung like a trouser for which they even had to fight with the retailers. By 1980, the brand was competing against the big rival brands like Levis, Lee, etc. for the No. 1 place in U.S. Pepe became UKs most successful jeans brand and even had Jason Priestly and the popular band The Smiths featured in their advertising campaign. Some of the campaigns were censored as Pepe ads usually t eased the boundaries of socially acceptable imagery and norms. This helped them gain the attention of the consumers in the ever expanding world of advertising. Pepe is the fastest growing label in the world and has grown to be more than a $500 million denim and casual wear brand. We will write a custom essay sample on Pepe Jeans Brand Management specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pepe Jeans Brand Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pepe Jeans Brand Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Brand Image According to Kotler (1988) and Herzog (1963), brand image is the perception of the brand regarding the values it carries in the mind of the consumer. Denims are perceived as a casual wear and the wearer carries an attitude whilst wearing it. Pepe has managed to make denim a style statement. Pepe Jeans is perceived as a premium and international brand which houses casual wear with the heart of London in the brand. The products offered are contemporary and innovative and the impression it leaves, is never missed. The brand image is not a thought on its own, it is engraved in the consumer mind by the marketers through the use of various marketing tools. Some other researchers like Ditcher (1985) define that the impression that the product creates as a whole and not by its individual characteristics is what forms the image of the brand. Pepe offers a whole wardrobe solution from jeans to skirts, to jackets, t-shirts, shirts, cargos, capris and a wide selection of accessories like caps, bags, wallets, belts and even socks. In the case of Pepe Jeans, the marketing and pricing has made the brand appealing to primarily youngsters. The brand has been practicing aggressive pricing i.e. they are competitively priced to their competitors and other international brands. The campaigns reflect that the brand is young at heart and promotes a rebellious attitude through its advertising. The concept is to be bold and ambitious which has helped the brand create a connection with both the sexes globally. As per Abraham (2005), to save the brand legal issues, the brand name should always be unique and distinct. The brand is called Pepe because it was a short two syllable word that was easy to remember and fast to sign on a cheque. Brand Positioning Positioning of a brand can be observed by evaluating how the brand appears when seen in contrast with its competitors. Brand positioning is controlled by the company and its marketing team. They concentrate on delivering and positioning the product in the right way to the intended target audience. All the efforts put together create the brand image of the company. (Park et. Al., 1986) Since its inception, the positioning of the brand was that, Pepe Jeans is all about international premium jeans and casual wear. To be a successful brand, the brand must keep in mind the offering its makes to its consumers and makes the product exclusive to set itself apart from the competitors (Friedman, 1993; Muse Hartung, 1973). The brand continuously developed new fabrics and silhouettes which all had a perfect finish. Pepe used this as a P.O.D. (Point of Difference) to promote itself as The premium jeans, inspired by Londons street wear. For a consumer to feel associated with what the brand wants itself to be perceived as, it is important for the brand to first build a relationship with the consumer (Aaker, 1991). All the retailers in the category are characterised in terms of maturity, capacity, and difference in price which leads to the common factor in all stores (Standard Poor, 1995). Pepe has differentiated itself by keeping the promise of being committed to quality products. They have strived to be best in the commercial aspect and by being the most service oriented. Brand positioning comprises of three important elements namely identifying the possible competitive advantages, leverage the strongest advantages and communicate them in an effective manner and lastly make sure that the message has reached the target group, all these factors combined together influence the buying behaviour of the consumer (Kotler, 1988). In connection with the brand, Pepe whilst positioning itself clearly identified themselves as a premium denim brand which the consumer would crave for and branded themselves with the same proposition. They created their USP from the simple fact that they manufactured the best quality denims which were inspired from London street wear. The brand stands for the youth and talks about being young, cool, creating a style statement, independent and self confident which exudes an attitude of the person who is wearing it. The second element is to identify their own strength which was inspired from Londons energy and street wear styles, every garment exudes an attitude and promoted this through their advertising. The third element is to segment the market and identify the appropriate target audience, having in mind what are the elements of your brand that are able to satisfy their needs and how you are related to this group. Pepe managed to identify and connect with all the three elements ma king it one of the most successful international brands. A successful brand should create an image for its product that, in the consumers mind is associated with the quality, the Unique Selling Point of the product and the superiority towards the competitor. (Vranesvic and Stancec, 2003) Brand Equity and Value A brand is the representation of ownership and product segregation manifested through names, logos and trademarks (Chernatony and Riley, 1998; Hankinson and Cowking, 1993). In the American Marketing Association (1960), the definition of a brand is a name or term, a symbol or design, or maybe a combination of the two which is intended to identify the product or service of the seller and enable them to differentiate it from its competitors. Brand equity expresses the value of a product compared to as if the same product didnt have a brand name. Therefore brand equity is based on the added value of the product because of the brand name. Equity consists of brand awareness and brand image (Aaker, 1991; Ailawadi et.al, 2003). Pepe over the years has successfully established itself in the consumer minds by constantly delivering high quality products and numerous advertising campaigns. Pepes brand value has been focused and been a trademark in the category recognised for the commitment and s ervice provided to the consumers. The brands are seen as corporate assets which have to be taken care of, invested in and have to be nurtured to grow. The brands are conceptualised as value enhancers which has led to the development of the concept of brand equity (Wood, 2000). Pepe has been marketed keeping a target audience in mind and has managed to create a bond of trust and a relationship with the consumers. Pepe as a brand name through the consistent performance and every growing demand in the market by opening new stores and a modern youthful urban image has created a sense of comfort in the consumer mind. As per Biel (1993), the concept of brand equity is very consumer-centered and it said that the consequence is focused more on output rather than input. The brands differentiating factor is that Pepe is much more than just a denim company, it offers a complete casual wear line with knits, wovens, non-denims and accessories under its umbrella. Pepe Jeans takes pride on the fashion forecasting abilities and setting trends with every collection they offer to their consumers. The consumers perception of the quality of the brand is what helps create brand equity.

Organizational Behavior Structure, Development and Change

Organizational Behavior Structure, Development and Change Abstract Being an interdisciplinary area under discussion, organizational behavior includes sociology, management, psychology, and other disciplines. A number of the features of organizational behavior explained in this research paper consist of organizational structure, organizational development, and organizational change.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Organizational Behavior: Structure, Development and Change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The study of organizational behavior tests the control that structures, change, and development possess with regard to performance within a business or organization. In a bid to enhance maintained existence, development, and success of businesses in the contemporary aggressive and varying business settings, organizational change has become an obligation. Nevertheless, workers are slow in embracing change since they usually see it as invasive and disruptive element o f the practices and social affiliations previously relied upon to realize essential undertakings. Managing change successfully in an organization is a very difficult undertaking due to employees’ resistance to the change endeavors. Some of the methods that managers can employ in successfully bringing about change in an organization include building resources and communicating facts to employees with the intention of winning their support and loyalty. Introduction The study of organizational behavior examines the influence that structures, change, development, persons, and groups give on performance within a business or organization. Being an interdisciplinary subject, organizational behavior comprises sociology, management, psychology, and other disciplines. Organizational behavior harmonizes the scholarly learning of managerial theory (concentrating on organizational as well as intra-organizational subjects) in addition to studies on human resource (more functional and busin ess-centered). Some of the aspects of organizational behavior discussed in this research paper include organizational structure, organizational development, and organizational change (Hitt, Miller, Colella, 2010, pp. 125-146).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Organizational change signifies the progress of an organization to move out of its current situation and head towards a preferred future situation to boost its competence and success. This research paper discusses organizational behavior before focusing on resistance to change and the way to manage change successfully in an organization. Problem definition For continued existence, development, and success of businesses and organizations in the current competitive and varying business setting, organizational change has become a requirement. Business setting includes different constituents like clients, creditors, suppliers, rivals, governments, investors, and societies. Because these constituents are dynamic, businesses have to change to keep pace with their settings. Managing change in an organization could be among the most difficult undertakings due to employees’ resistance towards change implementation (Kumar, 2012, pp. 11-15). Managing change in an organizational is the practice of designing and executing the change wisely with an aim of minimizing resistance of workers in addition to outlaying business, while as well maximizing the efficiency of change attempt. It is a difficult undertaking for managers due to the resistance to changing the status quo. The resistance might take place at any level of the hierarchy in an organizational. The employees at higher ranks oppose change attempts due to the fear that the process might be a risk to their supremacy, interests, and management of resources. For employees at lower ranks, resistance arises since change brings doubt, which generates insecurity. As a result of resistance, in numerous instances, which are approximated to be as several as 50 per cent of the entire change attempts, organizational change does not deliver anticipated results or meet planned objectives. Organizational Structure A structure in organizations involves actions like duty distribution, harmonization, and management that are concentrated towards the attainment of organizational goals. Organizational structure could as well be viewed as the mirror or viewpoint via which employees observe their organization in addition to its setting. Organizations represent a modification of grouped entities, which could take up different structures in diverse manners depending on their aims (Thompson, 2008, pp. 58-60). Organizational structure decides the approaches in which a firm functions and carries out its endeavors. Organizational structure facilitates in assigning different duties to the different sections of an institution.Advertisin g We will write a custom research paper sample on Organizational Behavior: Structure, Development and Change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The structure of an organizational influences the organizational feat in a couple of critical ways. First, it offers the basis where standard working practices and schedules lie. Secondly, it decides which employees take part judgment making practices, and thus to what degree their opinions form the achievements of the institution. Organization Development Organization Development (OD) signifies the orderly use of behavioral discipline at different stages like groups, businesses, and organizations to lead to the desired change. The aim of OD is a superior excellence of work-life, yield, flexibility, and success. It achieves these objectives by altering approaches, conducts, values, policies, practices, and structures for the organization to become accustomed to competitive accomplishments, tech nology advances, and the quick rate of change in the surroundings. OD is the practice of bettering organizations. In a bid to benefit the business, workers, and investors, the practice is circumspectly designed and executed. The customer organization might be a public agency, corporation, non-profit organization, aid group, or a smaller fraction of a bigger organization. The change course maintains development of the business or organization all together. Customers and specialists work jointly to collect statistics, define subjects, and settle on an appropriate line of operation (Thompson, 2008, pp. 61-65). Organizations are evaluated to generate a comprehension of the present state and discover chances for change, which will rally business goals. The difference between OD and traditional consulting lies in the fact that in OD, client participation is supported all through the entire course. The manners in which individuals converse and work jointly are addressed alongside the techn ological matters that require resolution. Importance of organizational development Excellence of work life, productivity, efficiency, and confidence are elements of interest to the majority of organizations since they influence attainment of organization objectives. There is a rising tendency to make the most of the investment of an organization in its workers. Jobs that formerly necessitated physical sleight now necessitate additional psychological effort. All organizations desire to act smarter and make use of creative plans. The labor force has as well changed. Workers anticipate more from the work of a single day than only a days salary. They desire challenge, appreciation, a feeling of achievement, valuable undertakings, and evocative associations with their bosses and colleagues. Failure to satisfy these requirements results to decline in performance (Schermerhorn, Hunt, Osborn, 2004, pp. 86-99).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The modern customers should constantly improve quality, quick delivery of product or service, quick spin instance on changes, reduced prices and additional aspects that are best accomplished in complex settings by inventive organizational processes. The successful organization should deal with the challenges of each day. Therefore, flexibility, responsiveness, and OD in general are vital for any organization to survive and prosper. Organizational Change Organizational change denotes alterations of the present work habits and policies that influence an entire organization and has become a key center of attention in literatures on change management. Whether the consequence of unification, or merely the requirements of an aggressive marketplace, considerable organizational change is a difficult strategy to execute. Organizational change keeps occurring at a great rate in contemporary organizations. A recent study of international companies accounted that organizational managers hold th at just a third of organizational change plans succeed. Even if there are certainly a range of contributing justifications for the high proportion of failure that happens in organizational change endeavors, management studies have progressively come to a conclusion that workers play a key function in the achievement or failure of organizational change (Schermerhorn, Hunt, Osborn, 2004, pp. 86-99). Prior experimental researches have verified the declaration that the responses of workers to change perform a critical function in its achievement. In this regard, the dedication of employees to change has obtained growing consideration as a significant contributor to change associated organizational results. Resistance to change Workers are frequently hesitant to assent to organizational change since they characteristically see it as invasive and disruptive aspect to the habits and social affiliations previously relied upon to carry out essential work undertakings. Employees might as wel l experience raised workloads ensuing from the handling of new work assignments in addition to existing ones, the necessity to change to new work associations, and very frequently, the institution of fresh strategic objectives. Prior studies substantiate the reality that participation in designed change in an organization is a lengthy, psychologically forceful, demanding, and fatiguing practice for the majority of employees (Miner, 2002, pp. 23-26). The constancy of such results has made a number of scholars to suggest that the severe negative sentiments experienced by most workers during the execution of change in an organization make them become reluctant to change and unwilling to enact encouraging conducts towards achieving objectives set by the leaders of different organizations. The view of change is terrifying to the majority of employees, whether logically or otherwise. The resultant terror of change frequently generates resistance in organizations during the anticipation or pronouncement of change. If executives do not sufficiently foresee or prepare for the reactions from their juniors to a planned change, the change might be far more unsettling than is necessary (Miner, 2002, pp. 27-36). Nevertheless, the agents of change have the chance to groom the employees in the organization for the intended change, and hence minimize possible organizational distraction and manage the condition as a chance for competitive restructuring and development. Managing change Build resources One technique of boosting and maintaining dedication of workers to change is by building up their personal resources before the commencement of the process of change. An example of building resources is coming up with coalitions to serve as a policy that frequently occurs all through the entire phase of executing the change (Jaros, 2010, pp. 79-81). Support is collected from every corner that will be involved in the change process and from various levels within the organization. A reward plan that strengthens the desired conduct is as well vital for a successful program of change. The build up resources can help in reducing the tensions and pressures often related to organizational change. The resources could also drive the dedication of employees to change. Such resources might not just have a constructive influence on worker mindsets and conducts, but might as well generate encouraging organizational results through these mindsets and conducts (Jaros, 2010, pp. 81-84). Therefore, it appears quite significant that managers study the function that individual workers play in determining their dedication to, and participation in, the process of change. Communication Workers often see the process of change as unsettling. A triumphant change plan necessitates that workers comprehend why the necessity for change is essential so that they accept the change plan. With lack of understanding, employees think concerning how change will profit or perhaps harm them. By g iving exact information to each employee simultaneously, chances for rumors that cause resistance are eradicated. Failure to communicate facts to employees before execution of change is the worst blunder an organization could make (Jaros, 2010, pp. 85-98). Communication helps in reducing anxiety and worry. In the case of organizational restructuring, it is vital to explain new roles with the intention of raising concerns in a neutral way and evade disorder when change is in progress. Finally, change has to be carefully managed to produce sustained outcomes. Conclusion The study of organizational behavior checks the control that structures, change, development, persons, and groups bestow on performance within a business. For maintained existence, development, and success of businesses and organizations in the contemporary competitive and varying business setting, organizational change has become a requirement. Workers are frequently hesitant to embrace organizational change since the y normally see it as invasive and disruptive of the habits and social affiliations previously relied upon to carry out essential undertakings. Managing change in an organization could be a very difficult undertaking due to employee resistance to the change attempt. Some of the ways that managers can use to bring about change in an organization include building resources and communication in a bid to win the support of the employees. Nevertheless, Jaros (2010) insists that change has to be well managed for employees to embrace it willingly. References Hitt, A., Miller, C., Colella, A. (2010). Organizational behavior (3rd ed.). New York, NY: John Wiley Sons. Jaros, S. (2010). Commitment to organizational change: A critical review. Journal of  Change Management, 10(1), 79–108. Kumar, S. (2012). Challenges of Managing an Organizational Change. Advances in  Management, 5(4), 11-15. Miner, J.B. (2002). Organizational behavior: Foundations, theories, and analyses. New York, NY : Oxford University Press. Schermerhorn, R., Hunt, G., Osborn, N. (2004). Core concepts of Organizational  Behavior. New York, NY: John Wiley Sons. Thompson, L. (2008). Organizational behavior today. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Report style Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Report style - Essay Example One of the most important target audiences would be teens and adults that embrace a healthier lifestyle, and as such it is the case that a soft drink could be developed to match the needs of this demographic. A few considerations should be made as to what people would be looking for. Should a drink be made no-calorie, mid-calorie or standard-calorie? If designing a drink around health benefits one is naturally inclined to desire a no-calorie drink however this may draw attention from consumers who are opposed to using aspartame or other non sugar based sweeteners. Moreover the company does not want to draw comparisons with their last mid calorie drink launch ‘Coke Blak† which more or less was a ultimately withdrawn from the market owing to the fact that he company had a poor marketing strategy and the product generally had a displeasing taste. In this regard the company could look to a full calorie beverage but the question remains as to how a healthy image could be promo ted? In this regard, Coca-Cola should look to creating a natural version of its drink which has all of the same properties of its current beverage but without using high fructose corn syrup, preservatives, colouring and utilizing naturally sourced ingredients. From this perspective the company can compete head on with Pepsi-Raw but it can still be promoted as a healthy alternative to most soft drinks. Why this proposal would be successful is two fold. Firstly this product satisfies a need in the market owing to the fact that most soft-drinks and energy drinks are either saturated with standard sweetning agents or with sugar substitutes where there has been very little presence of a ‘all natural’ soft drink. Moreover this product could appeal to a generation of people that are still interested in treating themselves to a soft-drink yet do not want to drink all of the related chemicals assuming an effective marketing and promotion strategy is

Computer Network Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Computer Network Principles - Essay Example The connectivity involves library, departments, student halls of residence (Campus Area Network. 2007).The network devices and computing equipments have to be consistent and extendable, if the faculty staff increases. The school consists of 6 departments. Every department has different requirements, in order to employ network resources. The network layout of the school requires an expandable and efficient network which will fulfill the requirements of the school staff. Network security considerations will also be given for the special laboratories servers and lecturers. The connectivity and access level for each group is not same. Internet connectivity is limited; it means everyone is not allowed to access Internet. Scanners and printers are required by some departments in order to print and scan related documents. The network design with centralized administration is called a client / server architecture. This architecture is best suited for centralized administration. The same ne twork architecture is deployed in the school premises. The initial stride will is to classify the requirements. This will include the network devices and functionality for fulfilling the requirements for the school staff. The justification of the selected computing devices and the network equipments is required. The second stride includes the network design. The design will clearly identify, floor connections, office connections, servers, workstations, printers, scanners and cable types. The third stride is to implement a Wide Area Network (WAN) to connect other locations or Internet connectivity. The first floor includes Administration, Staff Office and the technical staff. The staff office will access the file server which is the ‘Students notes distribution server’ for uploading notes. Students are facilitated at the same time for downloading the notes. The lecturers will connect

Stakeholder Influences on Programs Essay Example for Free

Stakeholder Influences on Programs Essay Peace Domestic Violence Agency’s mission is to reduce victim trauma, empower survivors, and promote recovery through direct services. PDVA is committed to reducing the incidence of sexual assault and domestic violence through education and strives to challenge societal norms and beliefs that condone the perpetuate violence in the community. Stakeholders and the influence they have in a program plan, along with staff and administration personnel, is usually inadequately misunderstood and has room for alterations. Stakeholders are defined as a corporate party that can affect or be affected by actions of the business. A major stakeholder can make or break a program’s success depending on the positive support or negative reactions it conducts. We have to remember that some stakeholders may have strong connections to the community and hold great influence on others who may be investors or potential investors. This kind of hidden influence with authority (mainly political) is very capable of causing major disruption to the development and concerns that impact citizens within the community and how a program progresses. A good example is the recent scandals with a funding collection charity organization, known as Quadriga Arts and the many agencies associated with them, charging outrageous fees for service and never delivering any charity funding collected. They have many agencies’ who state they help veterans and support homeless food banks, animal shelters, to name a few, when in fact they are not providing funding collected from nationwide donations to these charities and non-profit organizations. Too much fraud is going on and this is another factor making respectable organizations to have a difficult time acquiring funding. A few bad apples are destroying great respectable organizations, because of their own greed and recklessness. We have this kind of fraud also within our own government establishments especially in defense contractors, banking institutions, and veteran life insurance companies, just to name a few more. Finding stakeholders is unfortunately getting fewer and fewer and more difficult and this is why large corporations are joining together and getting involved more so, than private individuals who might become liable and become possibly involved with a larger, fraudulent agency. Protection comes in groups more than the average individual might have. The needs and expectations of the stakeholder must always be considered when planning a program within the community where it resides. Stakeholders need to be given a good sense of security as well as the agency, and that positive outcome will promote positive change. Some stakeholders of course have different out looks on what success is, causing conflicts and concerns and the agency should be aware of this as well when excepting a stakeholder. This is when the agency has to be strong in its goals and mission and show positive plans for positive outcomes with the target population and what is required and prioritized for success within their communities. The give and take is; always conduct a thorough vetting process of stakeholders as stakeholders should do the same when funding any agency. The bottom-line is when final partnership is achieved then everyone is liable for any misfortunes or crimes committed within the agency. PDVA administration and staff have the same interests as their stakeholders especially when it comes to financing and possible audits that may accrue from government agencies. This is especially true when addressing private foundations/ non-profit 501(c) 3 organizations like PDVA. Since PDVA is working with human services, and also receiving grants, the agency and the stakeholders are responsible for any inside conflicts of interest or other inappropriate interests that may be present or transpire. The agency and stakeholders have to be aware of the strict regulations concerning any grants, donations, and funding they acquire, and comply with any Internal Revenue Service (IRS) assessment or audit if requested. The agency has to ensure that all parts of their programs are for non-profit, and no one person or stakeholder benefits from the agency’s assists in case of agency closure. Peace Domestic Violence Agency has two funding grant programs at this time for nonprofit agencies. The Small Grants Program† which offers a one-time grant of up to $5,000. 00 to registered charities with an annual budget under $500,000. 00. The second is â€Å"The Investor Program† which is an innovative funding program designed to support six organizations under each of the objectives of the â€Å"Supporting Families program†. This is up to $150,000. 00 a year for three years. This of course is not including private donations, charities and other fund raising activities that are available in the Portland Metropolitan Area and work together. Example is; Catholic Charities Oregon, Gateway Center for Domestic Violence, Women of Wonder Day and Oregon Coalition Against Domestic Violence and Sexual Violence (OCADSV). Along with these funding charities Portland also has in operation, mentor programs in local schools, sports programs and religious entities that contribute to the prevention of domestic violence among youth’s, through fundraising events and donations. The city of Portland also has the court system now applying mandatory youth camps or home parent programs instead of incarceration. But probably, most and foremost, is the education, prevention and awareness of drug and alcohol abuse and the consequences involved. For example; we have to ask ourselves who has these problems, the children or their parents, and how we protect children whose parents don’t protect them and promote or influence drinking and drug activities, or even worse violent gang activities for profit. I believe education is the answer along with empowerment and enforcement. We have so many parents that have no idea how to play the role of a parent or they don’t have or want to make the time. With this being said we also have to look at the nation, the economy, and availability of employment within our target population and how it directly affects the community and involvements for family survival. When parents have to work two to three jobs to support their families, it is hard to be in control of your children when your never home. Children cannot babysit children and relatives or friends who have substance abuse addictions cannot be responsible or creditable for mentoring these children. Example; latch key children and unemployed adults should have a safe place like community recreation centers, job and preparation training, along with professional staff for mentoring, counseling, interaction, and developing safe alternatives for these parents and children who find themselves in abusive or neglected situations and need to have a safe place to go. When we have stakeholders contributing to PDVA they both have one common goal, this is to develop a program(s) that benefit and enriches the lives of children and parents through education, protection, and awareness within the community. If the agency’s administration and staff can ensure that the agency will follow their objectives, the program will be successful and continue to receive the frequent assistance needed from stakeholders, then and only then can the agency achieve its goals and have the trust of the community it serves. Team work and involvement makes all the difference especially when the agency speaks out against violence and abuse to the community. The final conclusion is to have the agency’s administration, staff, stakeholders, and the community on the same page and be accountable for their program(s) and mostly be involved. This is to protect, educate and make everyone aware of domestic violence, prevention, rape, abuse (physical and verbal), bullying, gang activities, child trafficking, and alcohol/ substance abuse. Everyone within the agency and the community needs to identify, speak out and report these activities and to do it in a safe protective method, for this is what saves lives. To have law enforcement, probation officers, professional trained advocates, hospitals, schools, churches, local businesses, neighborhood watch programs, and community centers becoming one in corporation, to eliminate domestic violence and abuse of any form, before it transpires and becomes a life threating situation. Having a place to go, any time, day or night is a must. To learn new trades and keep everyone active, growing and progressing towards recovery and success. Children and parents need to stay active and constantly progressing towards success, not falling into idle time to get in trouble or make trouble. My grandmother use to say â€Å"Idle time is the work of the devil†

Japanese Art Essay -- Japan Artistic Arts Japanese Essays

Japanese Art Japan’s Art, although sometimes over looked has evolved through many different periods. Its simplest forms in the Archaic period and last on its more complex period the Ego Period. Even though some skeptics believe that Japanese art can not compare to the art of the Greeks or Romans. Japanese Art yet simple is refreshing and has left Japan with wonderful shrines, paintings and traditions. The periods of Japanese art are the Archaic, Ask, Heian, Kamakura, Askikaga and the Ego periods. Each Period has taken Japan to a new level of art. Starting with the Archaic period, Japan was a prehistoric society where its art consisted of well crafted vessels, vases, and tools. Most vessels and vases were constructed to look like they were surrounded in rope but in reality it was part of the ceramic and clay pieces. They lived in pit dwellings with thatched roofs on bamboo stilts. The Japanese did however build shrines in this period. These shrines were consisted of many buildings and were concentrated around a central axis. The symmetrical system was off set by a gate and a building were only the deity could dwell. The most famous of these Shrines is the Ise Shrine. This shrine is 55 yards by 127 yards and is completely fenced in. The Shrine is also made entirely out of wood! With the building of shrines the Japanese moved into a new period, the Asuka period. The religion of the people changed to Buddhism which also cha...

Health and Health Care Essay

The book â€Å"Health and Health Care 2010: The Forecast, The Challenge† by Roy Amara et al. provides detailed analysis of trends that will affect health care policies and practices by 2010. In particular, the authors have made an excellent effort to forecast stability and volatility of health care in the USA. The authors cover the following topics: health care forecast, demographic trends, health care demands, health insurance, children’s health, medical and information technologies, diversity and the workforce. Managers and staff members will find the chapters about information and medical technologies of particular interest. Nevertheless, the issue of ablation is paid too little attention. The authors argue that the primary purpose of the book is to make readers aware of critical factors that affect health care system in the beginning of the 21st century. When speaking about demographic trends and burden of disease, they claim that American population will be more ethnically diverse and older. Thus, such situation will be very likely to result in increased number of chronic diseases. One more important problem is that health care costs have increased meaning that less people can afford highly-qualified medical support. The authors predict growth of Medicare and Medicaid by 2010 due to changes in health care insurance systems. They say that â€Å"during the 1990’s, the managed care became the dominant health care insurance and delivery system, covering more than 60 percent of publicly and privately insured lives†. (p. XX) Managed care plays is argued to play important role in controlling national expenditures on health care, and people are provided with coordinated health care. Nevertheless, managed care is highly criticized by physicians, the media and consumers, but the government decided to make managed care an effective mechanism of controlling costs and delivering health care. The way the health care system is organized is swiftly changing, and surplus of hospital beds will contribute to consumer’s market. However, intermediaries will be entailed with a new role. The authors mention that the negative moment is that little changes were provided in the way the physicians practice medicine. Even the invention of the telephone, the computer and Internet didn’t significantly change medical practices. Of course, exceptions are present. It is physicians who are the central figures in health care, but surplus of doctors and new roles of health care providers are very likely to shift that paradigm over the next decades. New medical and information technologies are of particular interest for managers and staff members, and they are claimed to be the key driving force in organization of the health care system in the beginning of the 21st century. The problem is that health care industry is the last in implementing information technologies that would increase quality and effectiveness of health care delivery. The authors write that â€Å"beginning in the19th century, medicine has made great strides in verifying the germ theory, creating aseptic surgical techniques, discovering antibiotics, developing anesthesia, and imaging the inside of the body†. (p. 111) Of course, the impact of such innovations is undeniable and huge as physicians gained an excellent opportunity to improve public health, to extend the life span, and to improve the quality of life. Moreover, the quality of health care delivering was heightened as well. Nine medical technologies are argued to significantly affect the outcomes of patient care and health care delivering: rational drug design, advances in imaging, minimally invasive surgery, genetic mapping, genetic testing, gene therapy, artificial blood, effective vaccines, implementation of stem cells and xenotransplantation. Stem cells â€Å"can generate all other types of cells in the body and therefore hold great promise for replacing or repairing tissues and organs damaged by disease†. (p. 131) Researches of stem cells are nowadays one of the most interesting, the most promising and contradictive area of discussions and medical researches. Many researchers agree that development of the new method would open new doors before medicine. Some scientists say that creating of new human embryo must be prohibited, because it s morally unacceptable and religiously unethical. The authors continue that medical management is implemented sporadically nowadays. In particular, medical management is defined as an active management of the care of the population. Today, medical management fully depends on information systems that are used for monitoring and tracking medical processes and outcomes. Disease management programs positively impact medical practices and patient management. When speaking about public health, the authors admit that â€Å"over the past 30 years the public health system has operated under pressures of resource scarcity, limits in leadership, and organizational fragmentation†. (p. 9) Public health system is safety-net medical provider, and economic problems make its performance hardly bearable. Over the next decades global forces will the context in which public health systems will be very likely to operate. The authors conclude that global economies increase health risks and, therefore, public health system should be embedded in the context of global threats and opportunities. Cost-effective technologies should be developed for enhancing surveillance, screening and environmental health. Finally, public health strategies should aim at employing ecological strategies as ecology is human and structural determinant of health behavior. Managed care will remain dominant in health care insurance. References Amara, R. et al. (2003). Health and Health Care 2010: The Forecast, The Challenge (2nd ed. ). Princeton, NJ: Jossey-Bass.

Symptoms And Symptoms Of A Fever Of Salem, By Laurie Winn...

afflicted were experiencing these symptoms due to bewitchment, but there may be other explanations. For instance, Laurie Winn Carlson wrote a book, A fever in Salem, and argued that the girls may be haven suffering from Encephalitis Lethargica. This is an inflammation of the brain spread by insects and birds. The symptoms of this illness include behavior changes, tremors, neck rigidity and abnormal eye movements. Carlson goes on to say that a doctor had been called in to see the girls and was unable to find a physical cause of their symptoms, and so he concluded that they suffered from possession by witchcraft. This was a common diagnosis of undefined conditions at the time (Saxon). A second explanation for their symptoms could be the fungi, ergot, which affected the grains in the town of Salem. Science Magazine published a study in 1976 that concluded that ergot may have been to blame for the victim’s behavior. Ergot is commonly found in rye and wheat and may cause symptoms such as delusions, vomiting, and muscle spasms (History). Rye was the most common grain found in Massachusetts in 1962, the combination of damp climate as well as the long storage period could have caused the fungus to grow on the grains which the afflicted would eat (Saxon) . The symptoms could also have been brought on by mental stress, as the citizens of Salem were undergoing so many things in such a short amount of time. Historian Chadwick Hansen claims that the symptoms of hysteria are incrediblyShow MoreRelatedSalem Witch Trial vs Mccarthyism1208 Words   |  5 PagesA review of A Fever in Salem: A New Interpretation of the New England Witch Trials, by Laurie Winn Carlson, Ivan R. Dee, Chicago, 2000; 224 pp. $14.95 Paperback. ISBN: 1-566633095 A FEVER IN SALEM POSITS A biological cause for the early modem witchcraft epidemic, which resulted in the hanging of 19 people in Salem, MA, in 1692. Witchcraft persecution, Laurie Carlson writes, arose because of the strange behavior of the supposedly bewitched accusers. She concludes that the cause was a disease unrecognizableRead MoreEncephalitis Lethargica vs Witchcraft in Salem993 Words   |  4 Pagesearly 1692 Salem village, Massachusetts began to experience strange occurrences among their residents. Victims suffered from strange mental and physical illnesses. The randomness of the victims, and their unusual symptoms, led residents to suspect a supernatural explanation. These suspicions eventually led to the infamous Salem Witch Trials. Past historians have concentrated their research on the accused, while Laurie Winn Carlson focuses on the afflicted in her novel, A Fever in Salem: A New InterpretationRead MoreSalem Witch Trials: Socioeconomics, Religion, and Fear2828 Words à ‚  |  12 PagesSIENA HEIGHTS UNIVERSITY THE SALEM WITCH TRIALS: SOCIOECONOMICS, RELIGION, AND FEAR A PAPER SUBMITTED TO SISTER JEANNE LEFEBVRE FOR HISTORIOGRAPHY AND METHODOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BY NICHOLAS KNEZEVICH ADRIAN, MICHIGAN MAY 2006 Abstract The Salem Witch Trials were caused by socioeconomic problems that were intertwined with the fabric that held early American life together: religion. Puritanisms lack of set doctrine lent itself to the possibility of corrupt leadership